【dirty】的翻译、意思

时间: 2025-04-26 18:42:00

【dirty】怎么读

美: [ˈdɝtɪ]

英: ['dɜːtɪ]

【dirty】是什么意思、字义解释

1.adj. 下流的，卑鄙的；肮脏的；恶劣的；暗淡的

2.vt. 弄脏

3.vi. 变脏

【dirty】等级考试

CET4 TEM4 ( dirtying, dirtied, dirtier, dirties, dirtiest )

【dirty】的详细解释

最后更新时间:2025-04-26 18:42:00

英文单词学*与分析：[dirty]

1. 基本定义：

字面意思：指某物沾有污垢、灰尘或其他不洁物质；也可引申为不道德或不诚实的行为。
词性：形容词（adjective），也可用作动词（verb）。

2. 词源与起源：

词源分析：该词源自古英语“dirt”，意为“污垢”，与德语“dirt”（污垢）同源。字根“dirt”表示“污垢”，而后缀“-y”表示“具有某种特征”。
历史背景：首次使用可追溯到12世纪，通常用于描述物体的脏污状态，随着时间推移，逐渐引申出道德或伦理的含义。
课本：在*的英语教材中，通常在初中阶段（如七年级）引入该词；在牛津和美国的教材中，通常出现在小学和初中的英语学中，尤其在描述环境或行为时使用。

3. 使用场景：

正式与非正式语境：
- 正式语境：在正式演讲或书面报告中，可能用来描述环境卫生或道德问题。
- 例：The dirty state of the kitchen violated health regulations.（厨房的肮脏状态违反了卫生规定。）
- 非正式语境：在日常对话中，常用于形容环境或物品的脏污。
- 例：My hands are dirty after playing in the garden.（我在花园里玩后手很脏。）
特殊场合：
- 在法律领域，"dirty"可能用于形容不合法或不道德的行为。
- 例：He was involved in some dirty dealings.（他参与了一些不道德的交易。）
- 在科学领域，可能用于描述污染或不洁的样本。
- 例：The sample was contaminated and therefore dirty.（样本被污染，因此是肮脏的。）

4. 示例句子：

The room was dirty after the party.
- 派对后房间很脏。
He made a dirty joke that offended many.
- 他开了一个让许多人感到冒犯的黄色笑话。
I need to wash my dirty clothes.
- 我需要洗我的脏衣服。
The river was dirty due to industrial waste.
- 由于工业废水，这条河流很脏。
She felt dirty after lying to her friend.
- 她在对朋友撒谎后感到不光彩。

5. 同义词与反义词：

同义词：
- filthy：表示极脏的，常用于强调程度更深的脏污。
- unclean：通常用于形容卫生方面的脏污，含义相似。
反义词：
- clean：表示干净的，与“dirty”直接相对。
- pure：表示纯净的，通常用于描述不含杂质的状态。

. 学方法：

选择音标记忆法：

音标：/ˈdɜːrti/
将音标分段记忆，注意“dirt”和“y”发音的结合，可以联想为“dirty”是“dirt的状态”，帮助记忆其含义。

7. 关联词汇：

dirty hands（脏手）
dirty laundry（脏衣服）
dirty dishes（脏盘子）
dirty mind（肮脏的思想）
dirty work（肮脏的工作）

通过以上分析，希望能帮助你更好地理解和使用“dirty”这个词。

【dirty】例句

1. [ADJ] If something is dirty, it is marked or covered with stains, spots, or mud, and needs to be cleaned. 肮脏的

例：She still did not like the woman who had dirty fingernails.她仍然不喜欢那个手指甲很脏的女人。

2. [[表不满]] If you describe an action as dirty, you disapprove of it and consider it unfair, immoral, or dishonest. 卑鄙的

例：The gunman had been hired by a rival Mafia family to do the dirty deed.该杀手被敌对的黑手党家族雇来干这件卑鄙的勾当。

3. [[ADV after v]] Dirty is also an adverb. 卑鄙地

例：Jim Browne is the kind of fellow who can fight dirty, but make you like it.吉姆·布朗是那种可以卑鄙地和人争斗，却又能让你喜欢他的那种人。

4. [ADJ] If you describe something such as a joke, a book, or someone's language as dirty, you mean that it refers to sex in a way that some people find offensive. 下流的

例：He laughed at their dirty jokes and sang their raucous ballads.他听了他们的黄色笑话而发笑，又唱着他们吵闹的民谣。

5. [[ADV after v]] Dirty is also an adverb. 下流地

例：I'm often asked whether the men talk dirty to me. The answer is no.经常有人问我那些男人是否跟我说过下流话，我的回答是没有。

6. [V-T] To dirty something means to cause it to become dirty. 把…弄脏

例：He was afraid the dog's hairs might dirty the seats.他担心狗毛会把座椅弄脏。

7. [[非正式]] If someone gives you a dirty look, they look at you in a way which shows that they are angry with you. 怒视

例：Jack was being a real pain. Michael gave him a dirty look and walked out.杰克真是个讨厌的人。迈克尔厌恶地看了他一眼，然后走了出去。

8. [PHRASE] To do someone's dirty work means to do a task for them that is dishonest or unpleasant and which they do not want to do themselves. 替…干卑鄙的勾当; 为…干难对付的活

例：As a member of an elite army hit squad, the army would send us out to do their dirty work for them.身为精锐突击队的成员，部队会派我们去执行艰难的任务。

9. [PHRASE] If you say that an expression is a dirty word in a particular group of people, you mean it refers to an idea that they strongly dislike or disagree with. 非常难听的词; 禁忌字眼

例：Marketing became a dirty word at the company.“营销”成了该公司的禁忌字眼。

10. [[表不满]] If you say that someone airs their dirty laundry in public, you disapprove of their discussing or arguing about unpleasant or private things in front of other people. There are several other forms of this expression, for example wash your dirty linen in public, or wash your dirty laundry in public. 家丑外扬

例：The captain refuses to air the team's dirty laundry in public.队长拒绝把球队的丑事暴露在公众面前。

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